Safety appliance for elevators.



Patented May 2o, |9112.v

lS. vB. TRAPP. SAFETY APPLIANCE FBVELEVATRS.

(Application filed-Oct. 16, 1901.)

7 sheefs-shet 2.

(No ModalL) WITNESSES:

.No.' 700,458. 'Patented May 2o, |902.

s. B.'TRAPP.

SAFETY APPLIANCE vFOR ELEVATORS.

' (Application mea ont. 1e, 1901.)

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Nu,.70o,45a. Pammeamay 2Q., |902..

, sf. B. TRAPP.

SAFT'IY PPLIANCE FR ELEVATRS.

(Application filed ont. 1e, 1961., (llo Modal.) y 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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No. 700,458. rammed may 20, |902.

S. B. TRAPP. SAFETY PPLINCE FOR ELEVATRS. (Application med dce. 16, 1901.)` v (No Model.) v '7 Sheets-Sheet 5.

l" r N L?) INVENTGR @mw/f. 59m BY No. 700,458. l Patented May 20, |902.

SAFETY APPLIANCE 'FR E'LEVA-TORS. (Appucmq filed on. 16, 190'1.)l j

(No Model.) 7 sham-sheet '6.

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Patenrdl Mayzo, |902.; s. s. TRAPP. [SAFETY APPLIANCEFOR ELEVTDRS.

i (Application led Oct. 16, 1901.) 7`shep1ssheet 1 (mi Model.)

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WITNESSES:

UNITED *STATES* SUSANNA B. TRAPP,

` PATENT l OEEIGE..

OF NEN YORK, N. Y.'

SAFETY APPLIANCE FOR ELEVATORS.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent-No. 700,45'8, dated. May A20, 190,2?. Application tiled October 16.1901, Serial No. 78,798. (No model.)AV

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, SUSANNA B.,TRAPP,ga citizen of the United States, and a resident of= New York, in the county of New York and State of lNew York, have invented certain new vand useful Improvements in Safety Ap-1 pliances for Elevators, of which the following is a specification. v 1

. The invention relates to improvements insafety appliances for elevators; and it consists in the novel features, arrangements, and' combinations of parts vhereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims..

The invention comprises means for arrest-' ing` the car in case of accident at any 'one of the-` several floors of a building and in so cushion-1 ing the car upon the stoppage thereof' as to.

. relieve the car from breakage audits passengers from unnecessary shock or jar.

The invention comprises cushioning apparatus located on the elevator-car and means'.

disposed at predetermined points along thei 'elevator-shaft for engaging said apparatus and arresting the car in case of accident to the latter, and this cushioning apparatus car-f ried by the car and said means secured alongthe elevator-shaft will be fully understoodf from the detailed description hereinafter preiA sented, reference being had to the accompa-F is in its upper position aud-1 air is to be supplied tothe cushioning-cylinders carried thereby. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detachedview of a valve intended,`as hereinafter described, for-application to thecar. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional'view through a portion of an ele-V vator-shaf t equipped with means for arresti ng the' car. Fig. 6 is also a vertical sectional view through a portion of an elevator-shaft equipped ,with said meansfor arresting the car',fthe section for Fig. 6 being at right angles to the section of Fig. 5 an'd the said means being illustratedin operative position arresting' the car. f Fig: 7 is a top view, partly broken away and partlyin section,- taken from the top of the elevator-shaft and illustrating the compressed-air ymechanism located at the vtop of said shaft, :together with the upperends of the'cushioning-cylinders and theirpipin g carried by the car. Fig.

8 is an enlarged detached vertical central section through aportiou of one of the cushioning-cylinders carried'by the car, together with the piston within said cylinder. Fig. 9 is a horizontal transverse section through the elevator-shaft looking at the bottom of the car.-

Figs. 10 and ll-are detached views,-partly broken away and in Fig. 11 being partly in section, of one'of the sliding arms carried at the bottom of the car for engaging and setting in position in case of accident the devices disposed in the elevator-shaft. Fig. 12 is a view corresponding with Fig. 9, but looking downward at the car-bottom framing, the flooring of the car being removed and illusltrating a diderent position'of the parts car- ;ried by the car-bottom, Fig. 9 showing said parts in their normal inoperative position, as when the car istraveling safely, and Fig. 12 showing the position of said parts when in case of accident they are thrown into their operative position to set the arresting devices disposed in the elevator-shaft. 15 are detailed views showing the arresting devices secured in the elevator-shaft intheir operative and inoperative positions, Fig. 13

being a front elevation, and Figs. 14 and 15v Fig. 16 is a detailed side y side elevations. elevation of a portion of the lever mechanism mounted in the elevator-shaft. Fig. 17 is a like view ,of a further portion of' -the lever mechanism disposedl in the 'elevator-shaft. Fig. 18 is a horizontal-section through a portion of the elevator-shaft andillustrates the' lever mechanism mounted therein for arresting the car.

the` elevator-shaft andqoperable from the hoisting-cables for supplying the air-reservoir with air during the vtraveling motion of the car. Fig. 20 is a toplview of sa1ne,andY Fig. 2l is an enlarged "side elevation, p t1 Figs. 13, 14,

Fig. 19 is a side elevation of an air-pump to be located at `the upper end of broken away and partly in section, of a modified construction embodying a portion of my invention.

In the drawings, 30 designates a portion of a usual elevator-shaft, 31 the several `lioors of a building, and 32 the elevator-car, upon which are provided one or more, but preferably two, cushioning-cylinders 33, containing pistons 34, Fig. 8, the latter being secured upon the upper ends of the hollow pistonrods 35, which project downward below the car 32 in position to engage at the proper time certain stops,hereinaf ter described ,when in case of accident said stops shall be moved into the path of said piston-rods 35. The normal position of the pistons 34 is at the lower ends of the cylinders 33, and said cylinders 33 are provided adjacent to their lower ends with apertures 36, which during any sudden ascent of the pistons 34 within their cylinders 33 prevent the formation of a vacuy um below said pistons. The pistons 34 are utilized when brought into action to compress the air above them, and said pistons are provided with the downwardly -acting valve 136, which is held toits seat by a spring and is adapted to yield downwardly under an excess of pressure above it within the cylinder 33. The hollow piston-rods 35 are formed at their lower ends with vents 37, Fig. 1, and any air passing downward through the piston-heads 34 may enter the piston-rods 35 and escape through the vents 37.

The cylinders 33 are carried by the car 30 and are by preference vfilled with air under pressure, this air being supplied to the cylinders 33 by any means desired, but preferably with the use of the apparatus illustrated in the drawings and disposed at the upper end of or over the elevator-shaft 30, as shown in Fig. 1, wherein 38 denotes a supply-reservoir for compressed air, this reservoir being su pplied from any suitable source through the pipe 39 and being, in connection wit-l1 a suitably-valved pipe 40, equipped at its lower end with a nozzle 41 and upwardly-acting valve 42, the stem 43 of the Valve 42 extending downward through the nozzle 41 and projecting a short distance below the lower end thereof, as illustrated in Fig. 2. The purpose of the nozzle 41 is upon every ascent of the car 32 or as often as may be desired to charge the cylinders with compressed air. The upper ends of the cylinders 33 are connected by a pipe 44, Fig. 7, and this pipe 44 is connected with a branch pipe 45, which is in communication with a funnel-shaped receiver 4G, disposed vertically over and carried by the car The receiver46 is in such position with relation to the nozzle 41 that it will upon the ascent of the car pass upward upon said nozzle 41, and at the base of the receiver 4G is provided a spider or frame 47 to contact with the lower end of the valverod 43 and elevate the valve 42 from its seat upon the ascent of the car in order that upon such ascent the cylinders 33 may be automatically supplied with air from the reservoir or tank 38 through the pipe 40, thereby establishing a communication from the tank 3S through the pipe 40, nozzle 41, pipe 45, and pipe 44 to the upper end of the cylinders 33. When the nozzle 4l is in its vertical position, (denoted by solid lines in Figs. 1 and 2,) the car 32 upon each ascent will unseat the valve 42 to establish communication between the tank 33 and cylinders 33; but if it shall be desired not to` supply the cylinders 33 with each ascent of the car 32, but at other predetermined intervals, the nozzle 41 may be secured to the lower end of the pipe 40 by a swiveled joint 47, as indicated, so that said nozzle may be moved to one side, as denoted by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, and remain free of the receiver 46. At such times as itl may be desired to charge the cylinders the nozzle 41 should be turned from the position in which it is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1 to its vertical position (denoted by solid lines) in order that upon the ascent of the car the valve 42 may be u nseated and said cylinders charged.

The nozzle 41 may thus be used for charging the cylinders 33 upon cach ascent of the car 32 or only at such other predetermined times as may be deelned suflicient. tVhen the car 32 descends, the receiver 46 will slip off from the nozzle 41 and the air-pressure from the tank 33 will close the valve 42, which valve is also adapted to close by gravity.

-The tank 33 may be charged in any suitable manner, butin the absence of other preferred means for accomplishing this purpose I recommend the employment of the pump shown in Figs. 19 and 20 for charging the tank with compressed air.

In Figs. 19 and 20, 4S denotes the usual sheaves for the hoisting-cable 40, and 50a double-acting pump to be driven from the sheaves 4S. The pump 50 I secure to a beam 51, and its piston-rod 52 is connected with the crank-rod 53, adapted to be driven by the gear-wheel 54, which receives its motion from the shaft of the hoisting-sheaves 4S bymeans of the pinion-wheel 55, secured upon said shaft.

The apparatus illustrated in Figs. 19 and 2O enables the charging of the reservoir or tank 33 during the traveling of the car 32, the sheaves 48 being utilized not only for the hoisting-cable, but also for operating the pump 50, whereby to charge the reservoir or tank 33 with compressed air during both the ascent and descent of the car.

1f desired, one of the air-cushioning cylinders may be applied over or within the upper part ofthe elevator-shaft 30, as shown in Fig. 1, this cylinder (numbered 5(3) being identical in construction with the cylinders 33 and having a downwardly-projecting hollow pistonrod 57, in all respects corresponding with the above-mentioned piston-rods 35. The upper end of the cylinder 56 is connected by a pipe 58 with the tank 38 and receives its supply of air from said tank. The cylinder 56 is pro- ICO IIO

IZO

due ascent of the car 32 and drive the piston .57 upwardfwithin the cylinder 56, the compressed air Within the latter affording a cushion to retard any undue upward motion of the car 32 and prevent undue shock or jar to the latter. The upper ends of the cylinders 33 will also be connected bya pipe 60, to which a suitable pressure-gage 61 may be securedfor denoting the pressure in the cylinders 33.

The pipe 60jwill also be supplied with a down.

wardly-extending branch pipe 62,y which willl be equipped with an outlet-valve'63for manual operation by the attendant in the car at such time as it may be desired to permit of the escape of a part of the air within the cylinders '33, as when in case of accident the car has beenvarrestedand it is desired that a part of theair shall be permitted'to escape from the cylinders 33 in-order that the car may settle down toa level witha floor of the building.`

`During the travel of the ca r 32l the cylinders 33 have no connection whatever with any of the appliances Aat the upper end Vof the shaft nor with those, hereinafter described,

secured along thewall ofthe elevator-shaft, and hence the car 32 is 'a v'self-contained structure and will be operated in the usual manner.

Upon the lowerend of the c ar 32 will beY provided suitable means' (shown in Figs. 9 to 12, inclusive) for use in' case'of accident in engaging certain levers, whereby the stops, hereinafter described, are moved Y into the path'of the lower ends of the piston-rods 35 for the purpose of being engaged by the latter and effecting the gradual stoppage of the car, Iand first I will describethe saidmeans carried upon the lower end of thej car.

Referring to Figs. 9 and 12, it will beseen that extending horizontallyacross the bottom of the'car 32 is securedjthe beam 64:, having at its center a bearing-plate 65, upon which is pivotally mounted the double-ended plate 66, having the ratchetteeth 67 68,the latter being adapted to be engaged by ,the pawl-arm 69 and the tooth 67 being adapted to coperate with lthe pin "70 to form a stop for checking the movement of the plate 66 in one direction 4after its release from the pawlyar'n'i 69.

To the ends Vof the plate 66 are pivotally secured the rods 71, which extend" in oppositedirec-l tions on parallel lines toward theouter edgesA of the car .32and have y pivotallysecured to theirfouter ends the hollow arms 72, which are adapted to have a horizontal sliding motion-.within guidesv 7 3, securedV to the bottoml of the car 32. Within the arms 72 are prov videdj the coiled sprngs'74, and .projecting` v outward from the endsfof'the said arms 72 are the headsl 75these headsj .being actedk f 1115011 by the Springsfelt'hrushthe pistns,

the Ordinary .trave 76 to normally stand in their outward position. ,(Shown in Figs. 10 and 11.) The heads 7 5 are yieldingly held in their outward posi-.

tion, and should theycome intoface contact with any of the levers, hereinafter described, during the outward thrust, of thearms 72 they will yield sufficiently to pass saidlevers without strain or inj ury to the latteror to the arms 72. During the travel of the car 32un-g der normal conditions thedouble-ended plate 66,v rods 71, and arms 72 will be held at their` normal inoperative position (shown in Fig. 9)

by means of thepawlarm 69; but when the pawl-arm 69 is freed from the Itooth 68 of the plate 66 the latter will be turned under'the action of the coiled springs 77 andmovethe rods- 71 and arms 72 outward from their inoperative position (shown in Fig. 1) to their operative position, v(shown inFig. 12,) the4 plate 66 turning under the action of thesprings, A

77l until arrested by the contact of the tooth '67 with thestop-pin70. When the'arms V72v are thus projected outward` under thelraction of the springs7 7, their outer ends will extend bef yond the vertical edges of the car 32 in position to contact with the upper` edges ofthe levers 78, disposed in the elevator-shaft; butwhenf the arms 72 are at theirinward position they willlie within the vertical edges of the ,car32 and during the travel o f the latter remain idle. ,1.

The purpose of h avingtheA arms 72 contact. .t

with the levers' 78 is to effect lthe `'outward' movement of the stops 79 into the `path of the piston-rods 35, sothat said piston-rods35 duricoing theudescent of the carmay strike upon,

said stops 9 forthe purpose of securing the gradual stoppage ofthe car, and the means for j releasing the pawl-arm169` from the'plai .66,

so that' the 'springs 7 7. may project thelarms 72 outward above the levers 78, will 110W be 'described These means for relieving the 'arm 69 from the plate faresubstantially, shown and described in Letters Patent o f the, jUnited States No. 634,966, granted to me on IIO October 17, 1899, and they comprise thethree' wires or cablesl 80, 81and 82, Fig` `9, the wire or cable vSO beingconn'ected atlone end to the pawl-arm 69, and 'thence passing around the `pulleys 83 and 84C to thev usual fca b1ej( noty ,l

shown) forthe speed-governor (not shown)dof 'usual ors'liitablle,construction andone form of which is illustrated in detail ,in theaforesaid'Letters Patent No. 634,966. Asisnsnah,

upon vthe car` attaining an -unduelspeedthe y governor cable which `travels with 4the, car,

governor will effectthe stoppagel of the speed#` ,l

pawl.arm 69 and releasel the latter from theA plate 66 and permit the springs '7 7 to turn said described-in saidPatent N o. 634,96 nected with the. hoistingccabl 'plate 66 and throwthe arms72 outward intoV their, operativeposition. H'Ylhe wire oi-.cable 81, conn ectedy with ,theV pawl-arm, `69, will, as

cable 49 and wire or cable 81 will maintain a uniform relation, and said cables will under such circumstances have no effect upon the pawl-arm 69; but should the hoisting-cable 49 break in any of its usual danger-points (where it passes over the several pulleys carried at the top and sides of the car) the weight of the car would throw a materially-increased strain upon the Wire or cable 81, and at such time the pull on the wire or cable 81 would operate to release the pawl 69 from the plate 66, with the result that the springs 77 would be permitted to throw the arms 72 outward into their operative position.

The wire or cable 82, connected with the pawl-arm 69, passes over a suitable pulley and terminates at a handle 85, located within the car and in convenient reach of the attendant therein. By drawing downward on the handle 85 a pull may be exerted on the cable 82 for the purpose of releasing the pawl-arm 69 from the plate 66, and this operation will be performed by the attendant in the car should an occasion arise in which the usual starting and stopping cable in the car should fail to perform its duty and it should be deemed desirable to assure the stopping of the car by means of the safety appliance embracing my invention.

It may be desired, as in case of fire, to rnn the elevator-car 32 at full speed and to detach the car from the speed-governor cable, so that said car may travel at such increased speed as would not be permitted by a speedgovernor, and under such conditions it will also be desirable that the safety appliances embracing my invention shall remain in condition to operate, so that they may be set into action by the attendant in the car should occasion arise for that result, and to this end I provide, as set forth and claimed in my abovereferred-to patent, a pair of cutting-nippers 86, operable by means of the cable 87, extending into the car, for clipping the wire or cable 80, passing from the pawl-arm 69 to the speedgovernor cable, these nippers 86 being of the character and used for the purpose explained in the aforesaid Patent No. 634,966, and hence requiring no special description herein.

Extending lengthwise of the elevator-shaft 30 are the vertical I-beams 90, and at the sevel'al floors of the building are provided the horizontal I-beams 91, and the beams 90 91 aiford adequate supports for the lever mechanism disposed along the elevator-shaft for coperation with the safety appliances carried by the car. Supported from or by the transverse beams 91 are the bearing-brackets 92 for the levers 78, hereinbefore referred to, one of said levers 78 being provided at each floor of the building and all of the said levers 78 being in vertical line with one another and normally projecting into the elevatorshaft, as indicated in Fig. 1, in position to be cleared by the car 32, but to be engaged by the ends of the arms 72 when the latter are projected outward beyond the vertical edges of the car. The lever 78 at each floor is connected by a rod 93 with one arm of a bellcrank lever 94, located at the door below the same. The lever-arm 78 at the upper end of Fig. 5 is shown in the positionwhich will be given to it when it is pressed downward by the contact therewith of one of the safetyarms 7 2, carried by the car, the contact of the arm 72 with the lever 78 having the elfect of turning said lever 78 downward to a position (shown in Fig. 16) whereby the arm 72 may pass by it, and said lever is forced to pull upward on the rod 93 and cause the bell-crank lever 94 at the loor below to turn on its pivot from its normal position (denoted at the upper part of Fig. 5) to its operating position, (shown at the lower partof Fig. 5 and also in Fig. 17,) this movement of the bellcrank lever 94 being for the purpose of pulling on the transverse rod 95, connected with it, and through said rod turning the bellcrank lever96 from its normal position (shown at the upper part of Fig. 5) to its operating position, (shown at the lower part ot' Fig. 5 and also in Fig. 17,) and this movement of the bell-crank lever 96 being for the purpose of causing its cam-arm 97 to ride behind and push outward the stop 79 into the path of a piston-rod 35, descending with the car, as hereinafter more fully explained. The lever mechanism just above referred to is in duplicate, one set being at each side of the elevator-shaft. Thus at each floor of the building there are two levers 78, and these levers 78 are connected by rods 93 with bell-crank levers 94 at the floor immediately below them. At each lioor below the top floor the bellcrank levers 94 are connected by rods 95 with the bell-crank levers 96 for setting the stops 79, which also are provided at each iioor below the top lioor.

The stops 79 are cup-shaped and are formed on the upper ends of the hinged bars 98, Figs. 13, 14, and 15, said bars 98 being pivotally secured at their lower ends to brackets 99, which are fastened to the channelbeams 90, said brackets 99 setting in between the ianges of said beams 90, so that any downward strain passing upon the bars 98 may be exerted substantially in line with the length of said beams 90. The upper ends of the bars 98 are pivotally connected with sliding loops 100, which are bent metal bars whose ends are pivotally secured to the upper ends of the bars 98 and whose middle portion passes'aronnd the beams 90, so as to be capable of vertical sliding movement thereon, as illustrated in Figs. 13, 14, and 15. When the loops 100 are in their lower position, (shown in Figs. 13 and 14,) the middle portion thereof will rest upon the transverse beams 91, which limit the downward motion ot' said loops 100. The normal position of the bars 98 and loops 100 is shown in Fig. 15, in which it will be seen that the bar 98 and loop 100 lie vertically close against the beam 90. The lower ends of the loops 100 are slot` ted, as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, to allowa certain amount of loose play at the joint between the bars 98 and loops 100. I shall preferably employ leat` springs 101, flexed againstVv the loops 100, to aid in moving the stops 79 from their-normal inoperative position (shown in'Figrl) to theiroperativeposition, (shown in Fig. 14,) the stops79-when in the positionshownin Fig. 14 being in the path'of the lower ends of the piston-rods 35.

Thestops 79, bars v98, and loops -100 are firmly held in their inoperative position (shown in Fig. 15) by means ofthe crank-arm 102, connected Withthe bell-crank levers 96, as shown atv the upper part of Fig. 5,.where it will be seen that in the normal position of the bell-crank levers-96 the cran k-arm 102 'lies against Vthe-outer -edges of the loop 100 andmaintains said loop-fin opposition tothe stress of the spring 101 against the beam 90. When in case of accident it is desired that the stops 79 shall move outward into the path of the piston-rods 35, the -pull -on the transverse-rods 95 through the instrumentality of the bell-crank levers 94 -results in the crankarms 102 being turned from the loops 100 and to the position in which said crank-arms 102 areillustrated at the lower part of Fig. 5 and in Fig; 17,'thus leaving the loops 100, bars 98,

their ontward'position.`

and stops 79 free to be moved outward, and while the crank-arms 102farebeing moved from contact with the loops 100 the cam-arms 97, forming a part of the bell-crank levers 96, will ymove inwardbetween the loops v100 and beams 90,'asshown in Fig. 18and the `lower portions of Figs-5 and 6,'and operate to assistin moving the stops `-7 9-outward `into the path of the piston-rods35.

The springs 4lOl-Willmove the stops 79 outward when the crank-arms 102- are relieved from the loops 100; but as positive means for assuring the fullzoutward movement of the stops 79 I provide the cam-ar1ns 97 for aiding the'springs 101 andfor holding the-stops 79 intheir full outward-position.. v Y

r I likewise provide positive means for assuring theactionof the springs 77, applied to y thebottom'of the car for moving the doubleended-coinbined' lever andv ratchet-plate 66, and thesemeans consist of the rod 105,.'pivotally secured at one end to one of therods 7l and'slottedatfits other end yto'embrace a pin 106, carried by the pawl-arm69. When the pawl-arm 69 is pulled` totrelieve lit from the'plate 66,'it will by means of Yits pin -106 push againstv the rod 105 andrcause the latter by acting onthef'rod 71'to turn -the plate 66 and' effect theoutward inovementfof'the arms 72. The ro'd1105-is useful inassuring'the 'movement'offthe rods 71, and in theevent thatthe springs 77 should for any reason fail tooperate the said rod 105-rnay be depended on as th'e means for driving -the arms 72-to The operation'of themechanism herei-nbefore described-will be' in large :measure understood from' the description he'reinbefore- 'tention and remain idle except in presented without further detailed explanation. The cylinders 35, carried by the car 32, are charged with air from the tank 38 or other suitable source, and the air-pressure within the cylinders 33 is equalized by virtue of'their connection by lmeans-of the pipe-60. The vpipe 44 is supplied by the individual pipe 45, and'both cylinders 33 receive air therefrom. The pipe 44-is provided with usual checkvalves-107, which admit the passageof the air to the cylinders33,l but preventthe return of same in the opposite direction. During the travel of the car the cylinders 33, with their projected piston-rods 35, require no atcase of accident.

During the safe travel ofthe car 32 the levermechanism provided along the elevatorshaft remains idle, -with thestops 79 at their inward position (shown in Fig. 15) and the lever-arms 78 in the position indicated in Fig. 1. In the event of accident the pawl-arm 6 9 is released from `the plate 66, and the arms72 are projected outward,so thatthey may upon the descent of the carl strike upon ytheupper edges ofthe levers 78 next below. them and turn the same downward -f-roin thepositiou shown -in Fig. 1 and in the lower part ofFig. 5 tothe position illustrated at the upper part fof Fig. 5 and-in Fig. 16, the arms 72 afterturning the levers 78, as described, passingthe same, sothat thelower ends of the piston-rods 35 maystrikeupon the stops 79, thenmoved outward, located at the iirst- Hoor belowthe floor at whichthe levers 78 were struck by the arms 72, andturnedfthe -turning ofthe said levers 78 having had the'effect, through the rodl 93, bell-crank lever, 94, rod .95, and

bell-crank lever 96, of effecting the outward movement of the stops 79 into thepath o f said piston-rods 35. The striking of the lower ends of the piston-rods'35 upon the st0ps'7 9 results in the stoppageof the car 32,'V this stoppagefof the car being accomplished withoutinj ury to 'the car or its passengers byreasonofthe fact that the pistons within the cylinders 33 will be driven upward against the airwithin said cylinders, said airiafford-ing a proper cushion.

After` the car has been stopped the operator may by slightly openingy the val-ver63 allow a partofthe air at the upper end ofthecylinders 33vtofescape, so asto perm-it the-settling.

down of-the car 32 to alevelwith theooradjacent to-which the stops7 9, arrestingthe car, lare located@ A f,V

-Whilel recommend the employment Ofcompressed air for the .cylinders `33 ,.l donot limit the invention in all its parts-t0 Ltheemploy ment of `previously-compressedair -for said cylinders 33,- since I Amay provide cylinders.V of `the character shownfin Fi'g..21` andaiumbered '110, which will have 1an opening at its-,upper endsufficient to admit'=atmospheric"air,.and the ycushioning-will be effected: in this con- IOO IIO

struction ybyrthe driving of the-"pistonfhead 111 against the atmospheric air above `the same, so as to compress the latter and create the cushion. `When previously-compressed air is not employed for cushioning the cylinders, I recommend that the cylinders he made somewhat larger in capacity, so that an adequate supply of atmospheric air may be contained therein for compression in case of accident.

The structure shown in Fig. l is adapted for the use of either previously-compressed air or atmospheric air in the cylinders 33. lVhcn atmospheric air is to be used in the cylinders 323, the pipe 45 will be closed, and the air may he admitted through the valve 03, which will be thereafter closed, so-as to seal the air Within the cylinders and assure the creation .of the proper cushions therein in the event of accident to the car.

lVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The car, the cushioning-cylinder thereon containing elastic gaseous linid and having the projecting piston-rod, and means for relieving the pressure in said cylinder when said fluid is compressed therein bythe piston, combined with stops normally out of the path of said piston-rod, and means operable from the car for effecting the movement of said stops into the path of said piston-rod for arresting the car; substantially as set forth.

2. The car, and the cushioning-cylinder thereon containing elastic gaseous fluid and having the projecting piston-rod, combined with the series of stops normally outof the path of said piston-rod, lever mechanism for controlling,r said stops, and an arm connected with the car and adapted, when moved from its normal position, to engage said lever mechanismfor effecting the movement of the proper stop into the path of said piston-rod, for receiving said rod and arresting the-car; substantially as set forth.

3. The car, and the cushioning-cylinders mounted at opposite points thereon and having the downwardly-projecting piston-rods, said cylinders containing elastic gaseous iuid, combined with stops disposed along the elevator-shaft and normallyT out of the path of said rods, and means operable from the car for moving said stops into the path of said piston-rods for arresting the car; substantially as set forth.

4. The car, and the cushioning-cylinders mounted at opposite points thereon and having the downwardly-projecting piston-rods, combined with the series of stops disposed at opposite points along the elevator-shaft and normally out of the path of said rods, lever mechanism also arranged at opposite points along the elevator-shaft for controlling said stops, and arms connected with the car and adapted when moved from their normal position to engage said lever mechanism for effecting the movement of the proper stops into the path of said piston-rods for receiving said rods and arresting the car; substantially as set forth.

5. The car, the aircushioning cylinders mounted at opposite points thereon and having the downwardly-projecting piston-rods, and the pipe GO connecting said cylinders and affording free communication from one cylinder to the other, combined with stops disposed along the elevator-shaft and normally out of the path of said rods, and means operable from the car for moving said stops into the path of said piston-rods for arresting the car; substantially as set forth.

G. The car, thecushioning-cylinder thereon and having the downwardly-projecting piston-rod, the reservoir for compressed air, and means for automatically charging said cylinder from said reservoir upon the ascent of the car, combined With a stop adapted when in the proper position to receive the end of said piston-rod and effect the stoppage of said car; substantially as set forth.

7. The ear, the cushioning-cylinder thereon having the downwardly-proj ectin g piston-rod, the reservoir for compressed air, the nozzle 4l leading therefrom and having the valve 42 and valve-stem 43, the pipe leading to said cylinder and the funnel 4G on said pipe and adapted on the ascent of the car to pass upon the end of said nozzle and unseatsaid valve for enabling the automatic charging of said cylinder from said reservoir, combined With a stop adapted when in the proper position to receive the end of said piston-rod and effect the stoppage of said car; substantially as set forth.

S. The car, the cylinder thereon containing air and having the projecting piston-rod, and the valve 63 Within reach of the attendant in the car for establishing communication between the interior of said cylinder and the atmosphere, combined with a stop adapted when in the proper position to receive the end of said piston-rod and effect the stoppage of said car; substantially as set forth.

9. The car, the cylinder thereon having the downwardly-projecting piston-rod, the reservoir for compressed air,connections for charging said cylinder from said reservoir, the pump for ehargingsaid reservoir, and means connected with the car-hoisting sheaves for actuating said pump, combined with a stop adapted when in the proper position to receive the end of said piston-rod and effect the stoppage of said car; substantially as set forth.

lO. rl-`he car, and the cushioning-cylinder thereon having the downwardly-projecting piston-rod, combined with the several stops 79 along the line of the elevator-shaft, the hinged bars 98 sustaining said stops, the sliding bars 100 loosely connected with said stops, means for normally holding said stops out of the path of said piston-rod, and means operable from the car for moving one of said stops into the path of said piston-rod for arresting the car; substantially as set forth.

11. The car, the cushioning-cylinder thereen having the down Wardly-projecting piston- IOC rod, the vertical beam 90Valong theelevatorshaft, andthe transverse beams 91 inv said shaft, combined with Vthe several stops 79 along said shaft, the hinged bars 98 sustaining said stops and supported by saidbeam 90, the looped bars 100 connected with said stops and passing around said beam-90 above and adapted to rest on said beams 91, and means operable from the car for moving one of said stops into the pathof said piston-rod for arresting the car; substantially as set forth.

12. The car, and the cushioning-cylinder thereon having the downwardly-projecting piston-rod, combined-With the stop 79 at the side of the elevator-shaft and normally`out of the path of said pistonfrod, the lever 96 havingV the arm 102 to hold the said stop out of the path of saidrpiston-rod and an arm 97 to move said stop intothe path of said pisf ton-rod, and means operable from the ear for actuating said lever 96; substantially as set v forth.

13. The ear, andthe cushioning-cylinder thereon having the downwardlyprojecting piston-rod, combined with the stop 79 at the side of the elevator-shaft and normally out Vof the path of said piston-rod,the lever 96 having the arm 102 to hold the said stop out of the path of Vsaidpiston-rod and an arm 97 to move said stop into the path of said piston-rod, the transverse rod 95 connected at one end with said lever`96, the bell-crank lever 94 to .which the other end of said rod- 95 is connected, the vertical rod 93 connected with said lever 94,

the pivoted lever 9,8 towhiehtheupper end "of said-.rod 93 is connected, and means carried by the car for engaging under proper conditions said lever 9S and causingthe latter'to effect the operation of said lever 96; substantially as set fort/h.A

14. The car,the cushioning-cylindersthereon having the downwardly-projectingpistonrods, the pivoted plate 66 carried bythe car,

the rods7l pivotedto said plate, the arms Y72 vsecured to said rods, the paWl-armengaging said plate, and means'for turning said plate .when said pawl-arm is released therefrom for :the purpose of projecting thearms 72 beyond the edges of said car, combined withstopsf normally out of the path ofsaid piston-rods, land means operable from sai-d arms when the latter are projected outward for eectingthe movement of said stops intothe path Vof said piston-rods; substantially as set forth.

Signed at New York, in the county of New October, A. D. 1901'.

SUSANNA B. TRAPP.

Witnesses:

CHAs. C. GILL, GUNDER- GUNDERsoN.

York and State of New York, this-15th day of- 

